The Watergate scandal began early in the morning of June 17, , when several burglars were arrested in the office of the Democratic National Committee, located in the Watergate complex of buildings in Washington, D. Nixon took aggressive steps to cover up the crimes, but when Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein revealed his role in the conspiracy, Nixon resigned on August 9, The Watergate scandal changed American politics forever, leading many Americans to question their leaders and think more critically about the presidency.
The origins of the Watergate break-in lay in the hostile political climate of the time. By , when Republican President Richard M. Nixon was running for reelection, the United States was embroiled in the Vietnam War , and the country was deeply divided. A forceful presidential campaign therefore seemed essential to the president and some of his key advisers. Their aggressive tactics included what turned out to be illegal espionage. The wiretaps failed to work properly, however, so on June 17 a group of five burglars returned to the Watergate building.
The guard called the police, who arrived just in time to catch them red-handed. In August, Nixon gave a speech in which he swore that his White House staff was not involved in the break-in.
Most voters believed him, and in November the president was reelected in a landslide victory. It later came to light that Nixon was not being truthful.
This was a more serious crime than the break-in: It was an abuse of presidential power and a deliberate obstruction of justice. Meanwhile, seven conspirators were indicted on charges related to the Watergate affair.
Sirica and members of a Senate investigating committee—had begun to suspect that there was a larger scheme afoot. At the same time, some of the conspirators began to crack under the pressure of the cover-up. Nixon struggled to protect the tapes during the summer and fall of When Cox refused to stop demanding the tapes, Nixon ordered that he be fired, leading several Justice Department officials to resign in protest.
These events, which took place on October 20, , are known as the Saturday Night Massacre. Eventually, Nixon agreed to surrender some—but not all—of the tapes.
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